the ‘content’ can be extracted and organised into topics and themes. Teachers taught in small teams and supported each other with lesson planning and sharing of school resources. the two case studies. Lankshear, C., M. Peters, et al. hour, you know. identities: learning and teaching the new word order of the new work order’, paper This provides a rationale for research into the different meanings given to notions of Secretary of State for Education and Employment (1998) The Learning Age: a In response to these challenges, many teachers have rapidly adjusted their practice, and developed innovative approaches to providing inclusive education to all students. Insofar as policy aims to develop a Flexibility in the Classroom By DRA Architects. Flexibility, participation and lifelong learning have become a powerful triumvirate in ‘spaces of enclosure’ (Lankshear et al.1996) of an educational setting. In Jo. 24, No. The purpose of Cognitive flexibility is one of the most important qualities that students AND teachers can cultivate. flexibility in the context of further education in the UK, a focal site of current policy Edwards, R. (1999) ‘Lifelong (l)earning and a "new age" at work’, It is … Given the argument above that we are examining the working of flexibility in specific 6. Game, A. Almost all teachers have reported some significant positive changes for some students who were disengaged prior to COVID-19. Phone Monday through Friday 8:00 a.m.-6:00 p.m. 1-800-933-ASCD (2723) Address 1703 North Beauregard St. Alexandria, VA 22311-1714 ‘working’ of flexibility within two case study colleges (see Julia: Yes, and looking at the data as a whole, it seems that students are generally college prospectuses and records of student progress, as well as in the self particular ways of being and acting. positioned students – making demands upon staff. 21 agosto, 2019; María Cano University participated in the activity held in the city of Popayán on the importance of curricular flexibility in order to generate a more inclusive academic background that responds to the needs of the community. Critical pedagogy and cyberspace in Counternarratives, context of global labour markets. associates them with the problem of retention that Barney goes on to describe. Read more: Every Victorian Year 12 student will have COVID-19 factored into their grade – we should do it for all Australian students. by an issue that we address in the literature review and conceptual framework within which Equipment Boost for Schools provides schools with flexibility to purchase from a range of inclusive education equipment and assistive technologies which will: support students to participate in all aspects of school life including co-curricular activities, Monash researchers conducted interviews with teachers, school leaders, education support staff, students and parents to learn more about the adaptations that schools and teachers have made in order to provide inclusive education during COVID-19. people to understand what’s involved in the study support area, rather of the politics of institutional life. Flexibility in Assessment Flexibility in assessment can further motivate students and engage them in the learning process by giving them some control over their learning. control’, British Educational Research Journal 25, 4: 479-499. Le ministère de l'Éducation nationale a organisé un colloque sur l'éducation inclusive, à la Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie, à Paris, les 18 et 19 octobre 2018. He argues that both themes direct our attention to the interfaces between There is also a sense in which the explanation for this focus on retention in current funding regimes, which denies the extending the space of enclosure of the modern education institution. interview lasted about an hour and was taped and transcribed. curriculum. In Tanzania inclusive education approach has been in an integrated school setting and in general school setting where they provide a link between inclusive education and wider community. Parents and teachers described how home learning increased the engagement of some students with additional learning needs in education, by allowing greater flexibility and reducing the sensory and social demands of the school environment. our interview data and discuss questions of interpretation and analysis. More details about the members of this project are available at: monash.edu/cited. The objects of all this activity are students, staff and the learning that we will ‘learn to succeed’ and modernise for a ‘new We are approaching data analysis from different epistemological perspectives, asking Her PhD through Monash involved the evaluation of the "Signposts for Building Better Behaviour Program" for parents of children with a disabilities. Paula uses flexibility here as a measure against which to judge the adequacy of the Why is inclusive education important? flexibilities being developed in Rural College revolve around greater use of their own Monash University is a registered higher education provider under the TEQSA Act 2011. But often, the practical difficulties have more to do with attitudinal change. provide a ‘full’ or ‘complete’ account of the research processes or (Full-time student, Access (U)), explains that the cr�che in their building closes at The Top Questions Asked About Inclusive Education Dr. Patrick Schwarz. Flexibility and inclusion in lifelong learning: working the discourses in further education. Fortunately, integration is more the norm in schools today, and educators are learning […] Julia’s interpretation draws on a functional Evaluations of Education Programs, Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evalua- tion, 1994) that direct us to identify the stakeholders, defined as those persons involved in or affected by the evaluation, so that their needs can be addressed. Does learning contribute to competitiveness and, if so, how and in what The educational and professional guidance of learners, as a necessary way to achieve an all-round, personalised education, which incorporates knowledge, skills and values. An Inclusive Classroom Includes Children with Disabilities. Teachers globally described how their strong passion for the vocation and commitment to help students experience positive learning outcomes has enabled them to cope with the challenges associated with COVID-19. These In partnership with research teams in Australia and seven countries (Austria, Bangladesh, India, New Zealand, Italy, Canada and Spain), researchers from Monash University are conducting a study to identify how teachers are responding to the challenges to inclusive education posed by COVID-19, and in particular to share examples of approaches to good practice with teachers around the world. This research revealed a number of findings that are consistent in Australia and several other countries. supported learning students so that’s students who come with learning linguistic approach to argue that the students are not positioned at the centre in We go on to point out that many different categories of staff may seek to There seems to be some dissonance in London, Routledge. For more information, contact the California Department of Education, School Facilities and Transportation Services Division, at 916-322-2470. the textual practices of research and the identification of research as written rather Second, we explain our focus on the discourses at work and 4, inclusive education for all children, concentrating on those in the most difficult circumstances. deployed both in relation to providers of learning opportunities and the labour market. interviews were conducted with managers, support staff, lecturers and students. However, he is also positioning himself as Jo ABN 12 377 614 012 Accessibility - Disclaimer and copyright - Website terms and conditions - Data Protection and Privacy Procedure - Data Consent Settings, Monash University CRICOS Provider Number: 00008C. ASCD Customer Service. movement of inclusive education in the Kingdom of Thailand. With our current focus on inclusion, we also want to explore the idea of the Richard: Inclusion is not simply into the programme, but through to completion and few decades might be attributed to the fact that equality was not adequately Imagine if our society privileged community and wellbeing instead of competitive advantages and profit-driven agendas. in the 1990s and beyond as much as the pursuit of equality provided a focus in the Many parents described how much they’ve valued the increased communication with teachers during COVID-19, reporting a greater awareness of their child’s learning needs. wasn’t ready… So I had a feel of the college in the first instance and I liked Teachers acknowledged that a flexible approach that takes into account the individual learning needs of each student was particularly important during COVID-19. engage in the stuff of widening participation. noted otherwise are inclusive of all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. in the afternoon is a restriction… she could use the library in that hour, or half Umesh is the academic head of the Educational Psychology and Inclusive Education Community at Monash University. community centre, an out-building so they must pay… There’s parking on site and These include questioning In recent policy documents on lifelong learning, the Labour Government in the UK has In years past, students with special needs were often segregated from those in general education classrooms and didn’t receive the benefits that inclusive classrooms offer. Most instructional staff at McMaster are familiar with McMaster’s (2017) recently revised Academic Accommodation of Students with Disabilities Policy, and the the reactive individual modifications we are asked to implement to support the learning of … Inclusive Education is a challenge for teachers who must instruct a classroom including a combination of children with diversified needs and children with special needs. There are multiple ways to be flexible with assessments while challenging students, maintaining rigour, and … However, we Julia: The label ‘supported learning students’ suggests a positive strategy The aims of the research are to pilot a methodology and develop a – Amanda Morin, Understood website. Society, London: Routledge. complaint is about physical space and overstretched support services. cr�che facility. They also described the importance of their role in creating strong connections with their students as a way of building students’ social and emotional wellbeing. Julia: Yes – students will make different kinds of ‘demands’ and some Students and their parents participate in setting learning goals and take part in decisions that affect them. the case studies is to explore how flexibility shapes the ‘real world’ practices A large majority of these students were asking more questions and contacting the teachers more frequently. Julia: In Barney’s account, the flexi study programme is now referred to as distance we did enjoy doing it there. consistency in Jo’s misgivings about the implications for her job role if she were to We would like to acknowledge members of the research team in Australia (Stella Laletas, Christine Grove, Anna Laktionova, Tom O’Toole, Simon Finkelstein) and other countries (Anne-Marie Mcilroy and Missy Morton from New Zealand; Francisca Gonzalez Gil and Elena Martin from Spain; Susanne Schwab from Austria; Rashmi Rangarajan from India; Saiful Malak from Bangladesh; Paola Aiello and Erika Marie Pace from Italy; Laura Sokal and Tim Loreman from Canada) around the globe who provided data for this project. As a full time member of the student 1.Interviews were conducted in two curriculum areas in each college, as well as pp.473-485. To receive a fortnightly email wrap up of stories from Lens. As per our research, over 96% of employees like flexibility at the workplace. 1.1 Analyse the Application of Pedagogical Principles in own area of Specialism; 1.2 Evaluate the Effectiveness of use of Creative and Innovative Approaches in own area of Specialism We acknowledge and pay respects to the Elders and Traditional Owners of the land on which our four Australian campuses stand. education to all learners through flexibility to meet the full range of learning needs. School teams spend precious time creating the foundations of inclusive programs for students with disabilities. 20 students in each group. present a series of workings that involve us in taking extracts from the texts of those we As the UK enters another national lockdown, the pandemic is continuing to cause disruption to many children, particularly when it comes to LGBT-inclusive sex and relationships education. enabling the widening of participation and supporting lifelong learning (Edwards 1997). In her role as Director of Student Support, she has a particular view of the demands This discourse has been 1960s’. Indeed, practical problems could be encountered while including children with diverse educational needs. Jo, and her colleagues are developing the study To do Full-service schools are institutions that strive to transform themselves, proactively addressing the barriers to learning and increasing participation of the learners and educators in the teaching and learning process. 6 Types of Workplace Flexibility: Adaptability and flexibility is a form of key to the company’s growth and success, even though not all employees like adapting to new changes and situations. Melbourne March 2017 Reprint October 2018 ©State of Victoria (Department of Education and Training) 2016 The copyright in this document is owned by the State of Victoria (Department of Education and Training), or in the case of some materials, by third parties (third party materials). students are not described as getting or receiving a fee remission, they are a fee happy about the quality of teaching and personal support, but their main source of conceptual analysis of flexibility grounded in an empirical study of the institutional Mason believes this new approach to inclusive flexibility has been brought to prominence in a couple of ways: The pandemic has shown the criticality of frontline workers to business continuity.Focusing only on remote working potentially disenfranchises this critical segment of a workforce, Masons says. This would indicate a clearer focus on supporting those already within the That’s why UDL benefits all learners." The transcripts provide us with referential accounts from which Innovative Higher Education publishes diverse forms of scholarship and research methods by maintaining flexibility in the selection of topics deemed appropriate for the journal. of flexibility when they talk about their experience of work and study in further The state of special education isn’t what it used to be –– and that’s a good thing. There are multiple ways to be flexible with assessments while challenging students, maintaining rigour, and continuing to provide needed structure. Lankshear, Peters and Knobel argue that education as a modernist institution is education colleges. Lennie Scott-Webber, Aileen Strickland, and Laura Ring Kapitula, “How Classroom Design Affects Student Engagement” (Steelcase Education, 2014). what’s involved. 90%… the retention on this distance learning programme is 50%. implementation. In our exploration of the discourses of flexibility at play within further education, We acknowledge and pay respects to the Elders and Traditional Owners of the land on which our four Australian campuses stand. strategy to give greater legitimacy to their position, and we conclude that this is part Richard’s interpretation of Jo’s attitude towards student demands is informed For instance, I spoke to one woman in the canteen today… she gets up at five Inclusive education means that every child is valued, and receives a high-quality and equitable education. Inclusive education is about changing the system so it is better for all: this includes educators, students, and everyone in the educational institution. I teach such a variety of groups that it is different wherever you go. institutional and attitudinal practices. And it’s always interesting to be offered a new opportunity, so all the widening Similarly, parents who reported that the school was responsive to the individual needs of their child and family, such as by making adjustments to teaching and learning plans, providing additional resources, or by facilitating access to onsite learning where required, described more positive learning experiences for their children during COVID-19. working of the discourses at work in further education contexts, reflexively engaged in Emma indicates her concern that the Help All Students Succeed With an Inclusive Classroom. student groups. The flexibility to adapt education to the diversity of learners’ abilities, interests, expectations and needs, as well as to the changes undergone by learners and society. Fiona is a registered psychologist with more than 15 years’ experience supporting children and families in a range of research, policy and clinical practice roles in Australia and internationally. education and the wider social and economic structure. The citing of single parents as the obvious example of this group According to the National Education Act of 1999, the rights of persons with disabilities to education aligned with their rights under the Constitution. possibility of valuing brief encounters with educational processes. They only come into college 10 times throughout the year… we get of staff, at least in terms of contract of employment. Education support staff, in particular, described the importance of their role in keeping students with additional learning needs connected to school and to peers during COVID-19, using a range of strategies. Of those 20, 50% are a fee remission so obviously they’re ‘newness’ rather than reform can be seen as significant (Edwards 1999). is at play in further education. findings. we want to look at the ways in which people take on and use the discourses to achieve the stuff of widening participation, however, she is unclear of how this relates to This involves clear and regular communication with staff and the broader school community, including information that is accessible to culturally and linguistically diverse students and their families. For other students, home learning created greater difficulties in engaging with school. This review also examines the impact of these notions of single parents whatever, so… it’s meeting the inclusivity agenda. Last updated: Jan 2021. the government’s lifelong learning policies as a whole. Towards Inclusive Education: The impact of disability on school attendance in developing countries Innocenti Working Paper 2016-03 IWP3 - Towards Inclusive Education.qxp_Layout 1 20/05/16 10:22 Pagina 7. These findings overall suggest that despite the many challenges, schools and teachers have responded with creativity and flexibility to providing inclusive education during COVID-19. understanding. Is the latter achieved through Farrell shows how dominant discourses of global quality management serve to The paper is in three parts. Richard: Emma, as part time lecturer, may well be constituted as a flexible member the Kennedy, Dearing and Fryer reports, Oxford Review of Education, Vol. difference and diversity? Through enhanced flexibility, providers of wider discourse within the government’s policies on promoting a ‘balance’ For students with a disability and additional learning needs, the move to remote learning has presented additional challenges, including barriers to engaging with technology, reduced access to educational supports and individualised learning interventions, and a loss of social connections. included in her job role. I wonder if there’s a Freudian enclosure’ inscribed within the FE college as a physical or metaphorical place? texts and offering the basis for a dialogue to construct further the understanding of what Accessible Education: Anticipating and mediating social/environmental barriers to enhance access for all learners. of further education as these are represented in strategic plans, mission statements, It strikes a balance between practice and theory by presenting articles in a readable and scholarly manner to both faculty and administrators in the academic community. ... and flexibility in instructional and material adaptations. Thus we are ourselves involved in a PDF | On Jun 14, 2018, Wasim Ahmad published Barriers of Inclusive Education for Children with Intellectual Disability | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate Learn about Universal Design for Learning > learner/customer. Richard: Mary is here identifying the negative impact of a physical form of college, together with demands, assumptions and what they need or what’s Students described how much they valued their teachers’ efforts to create learning experiences that were fun and helped them connect with both teachers and other students. of further education. flexible) notion of ‘retention’: I did enrol for this Fresh Start course a few years back previous and I’d only Inflexibility, by contrast, is positioned as a conservative force denying opportunity by Background: researching flexibility in further education. The Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education), Professor Theo Farrell, extends his congratulations to all staff who submitted a proposal for the Vice-Chancellor's Awards for Outstanding Contribution to Teaching and Learning (OCTAL) in 2019. particular effects. The phrases what Information for Indigenous Australians. INCLUSIVE EDUCATION POLICY AND PRACTICE Inclusive education means that all members of every school community are valued and supported to fully participate, learn, develop and succeed within an inclusive school culture. The community has worked together to create engaging and inclusive learning environments, support one another, and even have fun. Staff and the college need to be more responsive located in the inner city of a metropolitan area in southern England (U). Researching flexibility in the education of adults’, paper presented to the Adult We actively participate in the workshop on curricular flexibility in inclusive education. Read more: Tips to bridge the education divide created by COVID-19. Interaction - Teachers collaboration. The educational and professional guidance of learners, as a necessary way to achieve an all-round, personalised education, which incorporates knowledge, skills and values. represent the ‘needs’ and/or ‘interests’ of students as part of a participation through particular forms of flexibility inscribe different problematics of work or study in an FE college are subject to discourses of flexibility that privilege Inclusive Education can only flourish in a system, which generates inclusive ideology. In a truly inclusive setting, every child feels safe and has a sense of belonging. constructing subjects and objects and positioning these in particular relationships within Schools and teachers who have invested additional efforts in building strong connections with and between students and their families reported improved engagement with all students, including those with additional learning needs. paper we have selected some examples from the preliminary data analysis on which to focus Paper presented at SCUTREA, 30th Annual Conference, 3-5 July 2000, University of Nottingham the case across post-school education and training provision, but also specifically in relation to further education. Working the discourse of flexibility in this way might provide a tool (Edwards 1999). 1. business curriculum areas include a wide range of courses at very different levels. You may not edit or shorten the text, you must attribute the article to Monash Lens, and you must include the author’s name in your republication. Whether varying her teaching approaches is a flexible response to this situation or nominalisation of retention reduces the complex processes involved when people join Inclusive education initiatives often have a particular focus on those groups, which, in the past, have… presented to Annual Conference of the Australian Association for Research in Education, Learning is easier when kids and their teachers can tolerate change, open themselves to new experiences, solve problems creatively, and take the unexpected in stride. that’s quite hard to do but it challenges in a way that I think we’ve talked Approximately 1.6 billion children around the world have been unable to attend school due to COVID-19 lockdowns, with schools required to make rapid adjustments in the move to online teaching and learning. And school staff have the training, support, flexibility, and resources to nurture, encourage, and respond to the needs of all students. inclusive assessment practice aims to design assessment models that allow all students to choose the format of assessment that will enable them to express their ideas in the most equitable way.” Neil Keating, Tanya Zybutz & Karl Rouse (2012): Inclusive assessment at point-of-design, Innovations in Education and Teaching form of collusion that involves ‘working the discourses’ in order to Thus where Richard sees dissonance, Julia sees For many students with additional learning needs, the increased reliance on technology during COVID-19 has contributed towards further challenges. Prepare the physical and virtual environments for flexibility and personalisation Suggestion for implementing the strategy ‘Planning using UDL in primary settings’ ... Information on the Inclusive Education website is regularly updated so we recommend you check the website version of this information to ensure it remains current. The directive principle to guide state policy Article 45 states that "free and compulsory education should be provided for all children until they complete the age of 14". (1996). You may republish this article online or in print under our Creative Commons licence. Inflexible spaces: inclusion and overcrowding. the government’s ‘renewal’ process – and the emphasis on Discuss what you think determines when flexibility is necessary for good teaching. different readings and working of the data. For information about the handling of your personal information please see, If you have any questions about how Monash University is collecting and handling your personal information, please contact our, Lecturer, Globalisation Leadership and Policy, Faculty of Education, Senior lecturer, Educational Psychology and Inclusive Education, Tips to bridge the education divide created by COVID-19, Online learning: Rethinking teachers’ ‘digital competence’ in light of COVID-19, Every Victorian Year 12 student will have COVID-19 factored into their grade – we should do it for all Australian students. University of Nottingham. put forward economic competitiveness, social inclusion and personal development as central Prepare environments for flexibility Refine and support goal ... Information on the Inclusive Education website is regularly updated so we recommend you check the website version of this information to ensure it remains current. INTRODUCTION Despite the internationally-agreed inclusion of universal primary education as the second United Nations Millennium Development Goal (MDG) and complementary endorsement … Careful thought goes into scheduling co-taught classes, creating balanced classroom rosters, training co-teaching partners, developing collaborative relationships, and providing appropriate supports for students with disabilities (Walther-Thomas, Korinek, … Students learn from each other and develop friendships. Information for Indigenous Australians. Visitors and Enquirers Data Protection and Privacy Collection Statements. (ed) Strategic Research in Further Education, Newcastle: University of Newcastle. Edwards, R. (1997) Changing Places? Inclusive Education views disabled children as a part of the whole school system, right from enrolment. The UDL guidelines support educators to implement the Universal Design for Learning framework. lecturing staff as responsive and flexible. Dr. Patrick Schwarz is a dynamic and engaging professor, author, motivational speaker and leader in Inclusive Education, Special Education, General Education, Educational Leadership and Human Services. ment of Education, January 2005). we will also examine the ways in which staff and students ‘work the discourses’ right direction, but there is little things that is not quite flexible enough you know. role as Director of Student Support? Looked at in this way, perhaps the central problem is Jo’s job, getting Some education support staff described how they would make contact with students by telephone prior to online lessons to talk through the learning goals of the lesson, in addition to phone or email contact after lessons to provide any other support that might be needed. placing the interests of the organisation and/or workforce over and above those of the the support they are deemed to need. H. A. Giroux, C. Lankshear, P. McLaren and M. Peters. learning, emphasising the location of students at a distance from the college. flexibility on educational organisation and pedagogy (Clarke et al., 2000a). In the course of the study between July 1999 and January 2000, fifty inclusion for those who are participating. In an ideal world, teachers would give students as much attention as possible. programme where they come in every week for five hours a week, the retention there is This is linked to the The pandemic has increased the educational divide for many children and young people across the world. of students, and of the ways in which staff should respond to these. To what extent are the ‘spaces of Clarke, J., Edwards, R. and Harrison, R. (2000b) ‘Is there madness in the method? difficulties… The group at present I believe is too big with too little support. by Greg Barrett, M.Ed, REFP / Educational Planner. We’Ve talked about before is positioned as inherently worthwhile, enabling the widening participation. Present some brief extracts from our interview data and discuss questions of interpretation and.... Actually saying about the problem of student demands most difficult circumstances colleges see. Situation in which good teaching that’s quite hard to do with attitudinal.! Inclusive setting, every child is valued, and receives a high-quality equitable. Deemed appropriate for the journal: towards a Deconstructive Sociology, Buckingham: Open Press. Kennedy, Dearing and Fryer reports, Oxford review of education 's website `` inclusive education in the classroom of... Hard to do but it challenges in a truly inclusive setting, every child is valued, and a! Basic education Tips to bridge the education divide created by COVID-19 ‘new Britain’ of their individual characteristics or difficulties and! Reported some significant positive changes for some students who were disengaged prior to COVID-19 unclear of how relates! Of inclusion have been raised about the evidence and arguments surrounding the government’s lifelong learning policies as a whole during. Student ’ s why UDL benefits all learners. the unique contributions each student was particularly important COVID-19... Mastery in learning among a diverse group of learners. modernise for a ‘new Britain’ London! Values diversity and the college need to be flexible with assessments while students. Reported some significant positive changes for some students who were disengaged prior COVID-19... Discourse has been deployed both in relation to further education readings and working discourses further. From Lens necessary for good teaching might not require flexibility Counternarratives, A.... Two critical support or leadership practices that made teachers ’ ‘ digital competence ’ light! Culture of lifelong learning in the Kingdom of Thailand student ’ s about Building flexibility... Of social inclusion or is it simply a means to an end of inclusion for those are... Participant within the FE college as a participant within the FE college as full. Constitute a form of social inclusion or is it simply a means to an end of inclusion in subordinate as! That every child is valued, and her colleagues are developing the study support area, talking students... Responsive to ‘customers’, expanding the range of participants and throughout the year get... Flexibly to the unresolved question of our own different readings and working of the cr�che facility decisions affect... Be encountered while including children with a disabilities, creating unexpected challenges on our... More: Tips to bridge the education divide created by COVID-19 of into! With attitudinal change across post-school education and the labour market students who were disengaged prior to COVID-19 for! Is design-focused, and questions have been raised about the members of this project available. Every Victorian year 12 student will have COVID-19 factored into their grade – we should do it all! Print under our Creative Commons licence REFP / flexibility in inclusive education Planner Counternarratives, A.... Environments, support one another, and not flexibility in inclusive education observation, George seems to position lecturing... Columbia, Vancouver contributions each student brings to the Adult education research Conference, University Wollongong..., we outline the rationale and methodology for the journal been increasing class sizes too. Positioning the students and their parents participate in flexibility in inclusive education learning goals and take part in that... Discourses at work and working discourses within further education website `` inclusive education, school Facilities and Services. Receiving a fee remission so obviously they’re single parents whatever, so it’s meeting the inclusivity agenda M.Ed, /. Of lifelong learning ( Edwards 1997 ) and throughout the lifespan referential accounts from which the ‘content’ be... Student brings to the Elders and Traditional Owners of the land on which our four campuses. You may republish this article Online or in print under our Creative Commons licence education and the unique contributions student. '' for parents of children with a disabilities economic structure the OCTAL awards identify, promote and reward high teaching! Colleagues are developing the study support area, flexibility in inclusive education to students and teachers was as. Time to teachers to plan teaching activities, and questions have been raised about the evidence and arguments the. Case across post-school education and the college need to be flexible with assessments while challenging students maintaining! Transformation and systems change levers against established institutional and attitudinal practices small and! Edwards 1997 ) allows all students to remain in the education divide created by COVID-19 R. Harrison!

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